
As of yesterday, the USGBC’s pilot program LEED for Neighborhood Development is no longer just a pilot program—tag-teaming Chicago and Washington DC, reps from the NRDC, the Congress for New Urbanism, and the USGBC opened LEED ND up to any developer looking to build large scale sustainable communities. While their “trial period” only allowed for 200 projects (68 of which have been certified), they expect a huge response from builders riding the energy efficient wave.
If you’re already familiar with LEED for Homes and the USGBC’s other rating systems, you’re probably wondering how LEED ND differs. Because the program focuses on a holistic approach to green development (officially, it “integrates the principles of smart growth, urbanism and green building”), more emphasis is placed on improvements outside the single home: streetscapes, land and wildlife conservation, local food production, etc. Projects can include whole neighborhoods, parts of neighborhoods, or multiple neighborhoods, and require only one certified building (though all buildings must incorporate energy efficient features, placement, etc, and must all be contiguous).
All well and good, except for one thing—LEED ND seems largely incongruous with development in existing neighborhoods. From a USGBC FAQ Sheet:
Q. I live in an existing neighborhood and after reviewing the rating system, feel that our community could achieve many of the credits. Is this something other neighborhoods have done?
A. Although LEED for Neighborhood Development does not directly exclude existing neighborhoods from registering and certifying, certain requirements in the rating system may make success unlikely. Please consider the following:
• The owner, or a group of owners, applying for certification should already own, have title to, or have significant control over the majority of the land within the project boundary.
• It is strongly recommended that the majority (50% or more) of the total project square footage undergo substantial enhancement—either new construction or major renovations.
• For Stage 3 projects, the documentation must be submitted to GBCI within 3 years of project completion. A project is complete when: i) the appropriate regulatory authorities have issued certificates of occupancy for all new buildings within the project and have accepted all infrastructure within the project; ii) every aspect of the project that pertains to a prerequisite has been completed; and iii) every aspect of the project that pertains to a credit that is being pursued has been completed.
• The Green Infrastructure and Buildings section will likely be the most difficult for existing projects. The Rating System requires at least one green building (LEED or another eligible system), along with additional water, energy and construction activity waste reductions for new buildings or major renovations. In addition, the imperiled species and wetland & water body prerequisites in the Smart Location & Linkage section may be difficult to document on an existing site although for many prerequisites exceptions are given for previously developed sites.
Complications with licensing, permits, and all the other paperwork is to be expected, and the wildlife/wetland adjacent prereq an admirable factor, but should there be more of an effort to facilitate the former and should the latter even be a requirement? Considering our own project in the Oliver Community, I would have to say this is a serious failing of the new LEED ND program. Why favor a site conveniently situated near a body of water over an urban neighborhood with just as much potential? Why favor the new at the expense of the existing? Current projects have been publicized here and here—interestingly, these are urban communities that seem to illustrate the “exceptions” listed in the above. How difficult it is to actually secure leniency in the SLL category, however, I suppose only time will tell. Hopefully, as more projects struggle through the process and the program evolves, LEED ND will become more equitable.
There are quite a few resources available on the web if you’d like to learn more about LEED ND. For answers to more general questions, feel free to peruse the FAQ sheets provided by the USGBC here and here. If you’d like even more detail, both the checklist and the rating system are available in pdf format on the USGBC website.